Improvement in dampers



e. CHILSON.

Damper. No. 35,080. Patented April 29, I862.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GARDNER CHILSON, OF "BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DAM PERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,080, dated April 29, 1862.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GARDNER CHILSON, a citizen of the United States, and now or late a resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful or improved apparatus to be applied to a smoke pipe or fiue for the purpose of regulating the draft thereof as well as for ventilating an apartment and econo mizing the consumption of fuel in a stove, furnace, or fire-place; and I do hereby declare my said invention to be fully described in the following specification, and illustrated by the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure 1 is a side view, Figs. 2 and 3 longitudinal sections, and Fig. 4 a transverse section, of it.

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement and combination, substantially in the manner as described, of a perforated annular air valve and seat with a damper and a smoke-pipe; also, in the combination and arrangement of an annular current-guard with a perforated damper, and an air-register arranged with respect to a pipe and smokeconductor and so as to operate substantially as specified.

In the drawings, A represents a short pipe made with an enlargement or swell, a, whose base or lower part, B, is a conic frustum, and is provided with a series of air-holes, b b 1), extended through it and arranged at equal distances apart.

The lower part of the pipe is provided with a cylindrical extension or guard, C, which projects above the said holes and upward within the enlargement of the pipe, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

A circular damper, D, is arranged in the lower part of the pipe A, and has its shaft E extended through. the pipe and provided with a curved handle, as shown at F. A slot, 0, is formed longitudinally through this handle, and receives a stud or pin, d, which projects from an annular register-valve, G. The said valve encompasses the seat B, and, like it, is provided with a series of holes, f f f, or orifices, which are disposed at such distances apart as to cause the spaces between them to operate as means of closing the openings 1) b b more or less while the valve G may be in the act of being turned around 011 its seat.

The damper D is made with a small hole, 9,

arranged through it and near its center, and such damper should be so arranged on its shaft as to have its plane square to the axis of the pipe when the valve-holes of the airregister are completely or fully open. Any movement of the dam per-handle so as to turn the damper laterally will produce a movement of the annular air-register valve G, and the more the damper may be turned, so as to increase the smoke-passage around it, the more will the air-register valve G be moved so as to diminish the ingress of air into the smokepipe and in advance of the damper. Thus itwill be seen that when the air-register is entirely closed the damper will be wholly open, or will extend with its plane in the direction of the axis of the pipe.

Myinvention, when applied to the smokepipe of a stove, a furnace, or a fireplace, will enable the draft thereof to be regulated to excellent advantage. It will also secure steadiness of combustion and economy in the consumption of the fuel, thus producing uniform or proper temperature in the room, and, besides all these, it serves the purpose of ventilating the apartment in which the stove, furnace, or fire-place may be. When the damper is closed, the small orifice g will suffice to maintain a sufficient current from or through the fuel to keep the latter in combustion.

While the fuel of the stove or furnace is being kindled the damper should be entirely open, in which case the air-register will be closed. After the kindling of the fuel may have been effected, the damper maybe closed more or less, in which case the air register or ventilator will be opened, and by suffering jets of cold air to pass into the smoke flue or pipe will moderate the draft through the fire.

With my invention applied to the dischargepipe of a stove or furnace, the main doors of the latter during combustion of the fuel may generally be kept closed, whereby the fuel may be burned with great econo .-:v and regularity, the smoke and gaseous products of combustion being by such means retained in contact with the flame and fuel until they may be con sumed and caused to impart heat to the dis tributing-surfaces about them.

The purpose of the annular guard Gis to protect the dampenhole g from the currents of air which may pass through the air register or ventilator. Were it not for the guard the current setting from the fire through the orifice Q Would be likely to be driven backward, so as to impede combustion and cause smoke to be discharged through the joints of the stove or furnace. The current-guard effectually prevents this, and, besides, the ar rangement of the air-register or its inlets with reference to the damper and its orifice g is one which causes the air admitted into the discharge-pipe to be evenly distributed around the current of smoke When going through the damper-opening. This even distribution of the air promotes regularity of combustion, as it effects a steadiness of draft through the pipe.

I claim- 1. The arrangement and combination, substantially in the manner as described, of a perforated annular air-valve, G, and its seat B, with a damper, D, and a smoke-pipe, A, con taining such damper. I

2. The combination and arrangement of an annular current-guard, O, with a perforated damper and an air-register arranged with respect to a pipe or smoke-conductor, and so as to operate substantially as specified.

GARDNER CHILSON. lVitnesses:

- R. H. EDDY,

F. P. HALE, Jr.

Air 

